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A property of cannabinoids and terpenes in cannabis that may reduce inflammation in the body.
Anti-inflammatory refers to the ability of cannabis compounds to reduce inflammation in the body. Chronic inflammation is implicated in numerous health conditions including arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular disease, and autoimmune disorders. Multiple cannabinoids and terpenes in cannabis demonstrate anti-inflammatory properties through different mechanisms.
CBD is the most studied anti-inflammatory cannabinoid, working through CB2 receptors, TRPV1 receptors, and adenosine receptors to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines and promote anti-inflammatory responses. THC also has anti-inflammatory properties, primarily through CB2 receptor activation. Beta-caryophyllene is uniquely valuable because it directly binds to CB2 receptors as both a terpene and a functional cannabinoid. CBG, CBC, and other minor cannabinoids have shown anti-inflammatory effects in preclinical research.
Cannabis-based anti-inflammatory approaches range from topical products for joint and muscle inflammation to systemic consumption for conditions like Crohn's disease or rheumatoid arthritis. Patients often report that whole-plant cannabis products provide better anti-inflammatory results than isolated compounds, supporting the entourage effect theory. Strains rich in caryophyllene, CBD, and myrcene are commonly recommended for inflammatory conditions. While cannabis shows promise for inflammation management, it should complement, not replace, medical treatment prescribed by healthcare providers.